Chalk mlimi (za lemken ndi kverneland mbali)
Mafotokozedwe Akatundu
Zogulitsa zonse zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chapamwamba cha boron, pambuyo popanga ndi kukonza kutentha kwa kutentha, kuonetsetsa kuti mankhwalawa ali ndi kulimba kokwanira komanso kukana kuvala.Zogulitsa zimatumizidwa ku Russia, Lithuania, Spain ndi mayiko ena, pambuyo poyesa msika wambiri ndi makasitomala, ntchito yake yabwino ndi yoyamba.
Mbali
Kulima ndi njira yofunika kwambiri paulimi yomwe imaphatikizapo kuthyola ndi kumasula nthaka kuti pakhale malo abwino omeretsa zomera.Zida zolima zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pochita izi, kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito amitundu yosiyanasiyana yamakina aulimi monga Gran, Rackon ndi John Deere.Zowonjezera izi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la pulawo ndipo zimalola alimi kulima nthaka mosavuta, kukonza dothi lolimba komanso kupanga malo abwino kwambiri kuti mbewu zikule.M'nkhaniyi, tiwona mbali zisanu ndi zitatu za zida za alimi zomwe ndizofunikira paulimi wabwino komanso wopindulitsa.
1. Kukhalitsa:Zopangira zolima zimapangidwa ndi zida zapamwamba kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kulimba kwawo komanso moyo wautumiki.Amapangidwa kuti athe kulimbana ndi kuwonongeka kwa ntchito zaulimi zovuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti alimi azikhala ndi ndalama zolimba.
2. Kusinthasintha:Zowonjezera izi zimagwirizana ndi mitundu ingapo yamakina alimi, kuphatikiza Gran, Rackon ndi John Deere.Kugwirizana kumeneku kumathandizira alimi kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamakina, kupereka kusinthasintha komanso kusinthasintha pazaulimi.
3. Zolondola:Zida za olima zidapangidwa ndendende kuti zimamasula bwino ndikutulutsa mpweya m'nthaka.Pothyola mosamala dothi loumbika, zowonjezera izi zimathandiza kupanga malo abwino a mizu ya zomera, kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mbewu zathanzi.
4. Kuchita bwino:Zowonjezera izi zidapangidwa ndikuganizira bwino.Amapangitsa kuti ulimi ukhale wabwino, zomwe zimathandiza alimi kulima malo akuluakulu m'nthawi yochepa.Ndi chithandizo chawo, alimi amatha kuwonjezera zokolola ndikupeza zokolola zambiri.
5. Kuyika kosavuta:Zida za cultivator ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso zosavuta kuziyika.Amaphatikiza mwachangu komanso motetezeka ku makina aulimi, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti palibe zovuta.Izi zimapulumutsa alimi nthawi ndi mphamvu, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti aziganizira kwambiri ntchito zawo zaulimi.
6. Zosintha mwamakonda:Opanga amapereka zida za olima mumitundu ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimalola alimi kusintha zidazo kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa zawo.Kukonzekera uku kumapangitsa kuti alimi azitha kusintha makina awo kuti agwirizane ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nthaka ndi ulimi, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zawo komanso zokolola.
7. Limbikitsani thanzi la nthaka:Cholinga chachikulu cha zowonjezera za olima ndikuwongolera porosity ya nthaka.Popanga dothi lotayirira komanso lokhala ndi mpweya wabwino, zida izi zimakulitsa kulowa kwa madzi, kupezeka kwa michere, ndikukula kwa mizu, potero zimalimbikitsa thanzi la nthaka yonse.
8. Kuchita kwamtengo wapamwamba:Zida za mlimi ndizofunika kwambiri pamtengo.Iwo ndi okwera mtengo poganizira phindu lalikulu lomwe amabweretsa pantchito zaulimi.Kuyika ndalama pazinthu zamtundu wapamwamba kungapangitse alimi kupulumutsa ndalama kwanthawi yayitali komanso kupindula bwino.
Zonsezi, zida za alimi ndizofunikira kwa alimi omwe akufuna kukulitsa kalimidwe kawo ndikukulitsa zokolola zawo.Ndi kapangidwe kake kolimba, kusinthasintha kwamakina osiyanasiyana amafamu, komanso uinjiniya wolondola, zida izi zimathandizira paulimi wabwino komanso wopindulitsa.Kusavuta kukhazikitsa, kusinthika mwamakonda, komanso kuthekera kopititsa patsogolo thanzi lanthaka kumawonjezera kufunika kwawo paulimi wamakono.Mwa kuphatikiza zida za alimi mu zida zaulimi, alimi amatha kupanga malo abwino kwambiri olima mbewu zawo, pamapeto pake amapeza zokolola zabwino komanso phindu lalikulu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito
Zida za olima zakhala zida zofunika kwa alimi ndi olima kuti azilima bwino malo awo ndikukulitsa mbewu bwino.Zopangira izi zimapangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri cha boron kudzera pakupangira mosamalitsa komanso njira zochizira kutentha, kuwonetsetsa kulimba kwabwino komanso kukana kuvala.Zodziwika bwino chifukwa chogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, zogulitsazi zalowa m'misika yambiri yapadziko lonse lapansi monga Russia, Lithuania, ndi Spain.M'nkhaniyi, tiwona mozama ntchito zazikulu zisanu ndi chimodzi za zida za alimi ndikuwonetsa kufunika kwake pazaulimi.
1. Kukonzekera kwa nthaka:
Cholinga chachikulu cha zipangizo za mlimi ndikukonzekera nthaka yobzala.Masamba akuthwa ndi amphamvu amathyola dothi loumbika mosavuta, kuchotsa udzu ndi zinyalala, ndikupanga malo abwino obzala.Kaya mukukonzekera kulima masamba, maluwa, kapena kuyambitsa udzu watsopano, zowonjezera izi zidzatsimikizira kuti nthaka yanu yakonzekera kubzala bwino.
2. Kuwongolera udzu:
Udzu umapikisana kuti ukhale ndi zakudya zofunikira m'nthaka, zomwe zimasokoneza kukula kwa mbewu.Zida za mlimi zitha kuthetsa vutoli pozula udzu ndikuletsa kukula.Chalk izi zimakhala ndi m'mbali zakuthwa komanso zomangamanga zolimba zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri nthawi ndi mphamvu zomwe zimafunikira kuti udzu udzule pamanja.
3. Kusamalira mbeu:
Kusunga chikhalidwe ndi maonekedwe a mbeu ndikofunikira kuti mbeu zimere bwino komanso zikule bwino.Zida za mlimi zimathandizira kuthyola zibungwe, kuchotsa miyala, ndi kusalaza nthaka.Ntchito yofunikayi imapangitsa kuti mbeu zigawidwe komanso zimalimbikitsa kumera.
4. Kuphatikiza feteleza:
Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza moyenera ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kupezeka kwa michere ya zomera.Zopangira za olima ndi zabwino kuphatikiza feteleza m'nthaka, kumathandizira kuti mbewu zizitha kutenga michere ndikuthandizira kukula bwino.Mapangidwe ake okhazikika amalola kuti feteleza azigawidwa bwino komanso mofanana, kukulitsa mphamvu zake.
5. Kutulutsa mpweya kwa nthaka:
Zomera zathanzi zimafuna nthaka yopatsa mpweya wabwino chifukwa zimalimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu ndi ntchito za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.Zida za olima zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga mpweya wabwino wa dothi popanga maenje kapena mizere yofanana.Izi zimathandizira kulowa kwa madzi, kutengeka kwa michere komanso kuyenda kwa okosijeni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zomera zathanzi zizikhala bwino.
6. Kuphatikizana:
Mulching ndi njira yodziwika bwino yosungira chinyezi, kuletsa kukula kwa udzu, ndikuwongolera kutentha kwa nthaka.Zida zolima zimaphatikizira mulch m'nthaka, kuwonetsetsa kuti zagawidwa bwino mozungulira mbewu zanu.Tekinoloje iyi imakulitsa phindu la mulching ndikukulitsa zokolola za mbewu komanso thanzi la mbewu zonse.
Zonsezi, zida za alimi zatsimikizira kukhala zida zofunika kwambiri kwa alimi amakono ndi olima dimba.Chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake komanso kamangidwe kolimba, zida izi zimagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika monga kukonza dothi, kuwongolera udzu, kukonza malo obzala, kuthira feteleza, kulowetsa nthaka komanso kuyika mulch.Zowonjezera izi zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri cha boron, chomwe chimayang'ana mozama komanso njira zochizira kutentha kuti zipereke kulimba kosayerekezeka komanso kukana kuvala.Kugwira ntchito bwino kwake kwatsimikiziridwa poyesa msika m'maiko angapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala chisankho chodziwika bwino pakati pa alimi padziko lonse lapansi.
