Makina Opangira Zaulimi Opangidwa Mwapadera Kwambiri
Chomera chophwanyira, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti tsamba la pulawo kapena nsonga ya fosholo, ndi chinthu chomwe chimatha kusweka komanso chosagwa chomwe chimayikidwa patsogolo pa tsamba la pansi la thupi la pulawo. Pakagwiritsidwa ntchito, chimadula mwachindunji m'nthaka, makamaka kudula nthaka ndikuteteza pulawo lalikulu. Mbali yake yakutsogolo yakuthwa imachepetsa kukana, pomwe chitsulo chosagwa kwambiri chopangira kapena kuponyera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kupirira kukangana kwakukulu kuchokera ku nthaka ndi miyala. Monga gawo lofunika kwambiri lokhudzana ndi nthaka, kuuma kwake ndi kukana kusweka kumakhudza mwachindunji kukhazikika kwa kuya kwa kulima ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, zomwe zimafuna kusinthidwa nthawi zonse.
Pakulima, nsonga ya pulawo imapanga kukangana kwakukulu ndi kukhudza mchenga, miyala, ndi mizu ya mbewu m'nthaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale gawo lotha ntchito mofulumira kwambiri pa pulawo lonse. Kugwira ntchito kwake kumatsimikizira mwachindunji ubwino wa malo olima ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Nsonga ya pulawo yapamwamba nthawi zonse imatha kusunga ngodya yakuthwa yolowera, kuchepetsa kwambiri kukana kugwira ntchito, kuthandiza thirakitala kusunga mafuta, komanso kuonetsetsa kuti kulima kuli kolimba komanso kuphimba bwino. M'malo mwake, nsonga ya pulawo yotha ntchito komanso yopindika ingayambitse mavuto olowa m'nthaka, kuzama kwa kulima kosaya kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta okwera, komanso kukhudza ubwino wa kubzala pambuyo pake.
Nsonga zamakono za pulawu zapamwamba nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo cha boron kapena chitsulo cholimba chomwe sichimawonongeka ndi zinthu zambiri. Chopangidwa kudzera mu njira zoponyera kapena zopangira molondola, ndipo chimayikidwa mu njira zozimitsira kutentha kwambiri kapena zotenthetsera, kapangidwe ka metallographic kamagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuuma kwakukulu komanso kulimba bwino - tsamba lake ndi lolimba komanso losawonongeka, ndipo kumbuyo kwake ndi kolimba komanso kolimba kusweka. Zinthu zina zapamwamba zimakhalanso ndi tungsten carbide alloy layer yomwe imayikidwa pamwamba kuti ipange tsamba lodzipukutira lokha, lomwe limasunga nsonga ya pulawu ikuthwa panthawi yowonongeka.
Kusankha nsonga ya pulawo kuyenera kugwirizanitsidwa bwino ndi chitsanzo cha thupi la pulawo, ndipo zipangizo zoyenera ndi makulidwe ake ziyenera kusankhidwa kutengera momwe nthaka ilili (nthaka yamchenga, dongo, nthaka ya miyala). Kuyang'ana nthawi zonse ndikusintha nsonga za pulawo zomwe zatha nthawi yake ndi njira zanzeru zotetezera thupi la pulawo ndikusunga ntchito zogwira mtima komanso zotsika mtengo.
Mwachidule, 'msomali wachitsulo' wosaoneka bwino uwu, wokhala ndi nsembe yake yosatha, umateteza mtima wa makina a ulimi ndipo umathandizira njira yoyamba komanso yofunika kwambiri m'munda.
