Mpeni Wowongoka/Mpeni Wodula Wowongoka
Mpeni wowongoka ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri chogwiritsira ntchito makina a ulimi chomwe chimayikidwa kumbuyo kwa thirakitala ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi makina akuluakulu monga ma rotary tillers, makina omasula kwambiri, kapena obzala mbewu. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikudula nthaka molunjika ndi masamba akuthwa, kuswa bwino gawo la pansi pa pulawo, kumasula nthaka yozama, kudula zotsalira za mbewu ndi mizu ya udzu, ndikupanga malo osalala, owonekera, komanso oyera oti mbewu zibzalidwe kapena kubzalidwa pambuyo pake. Ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri pokonzekera nthaka pa ulimi wamakono wosamalira zachilengedwe komanso ulimi wolondola.
1、Kuswa nthaka bwino komanso kumasula kwambiri:
Tsamba lopangidwa molunjika limatha kudula mosavuta nthaka, lokhala ndi kuya kwa masentimita 25-40, ndikuswa bwino gawo lolimba la pulawo lopangidwa ndi kulima kwa nthawi yayitali, kubwezeretsa kulowa kwa nthaka molunjika, kulimbikitsa mizu ndi kulowa kwa madzi.
2, chithandizo chabwino cha zotsalira:
Tsamba lakuthwa limatha kudula ndikusakaniza bwino zotsalira za mbewu, mizu, ndi udzu monga chimanga ndi tirigu pamwamba ndi zigawo zosaya kwambiri m'nthaka, kuchepetsa zopinga pamwamba ndikufulumizitsa kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe, kupewa vuto la kugwidwa kwa zotsalira zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha ulimi wozungulira.
3, Kupanga Bedi Labwino Kwambiri:
Mwa kudula molunjika, mipiringidzo yosasunthika imapangidwa mbali yolunjika ya nthaka, popanda kusokoneza kwambiri kapangidwe ka nthaka yapamwamba. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale njira yabwino yobzala, pomwe gawo lapamwamba limakhala lolimba ndipo gawo lapansi limakhala losasunthika - mbewu zimadzazidwa bwino ndi dothi kuti zigwirizane bwino, pomwe gawo lapansi limakhala losasunthika kuti mizu ndi madzi zikhazikike bwino.
4. Kusunga mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu:
Poyerekeza ndi ulimi wozungulira wonse, masamba oyima amangodula tsamba la tsamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti likhale lolimba pang'ono, mafuta asamagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri, komanso kuti lizigwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti likhale loyenera kwambiri pa ntchito zazikulu.
1. Malo olima osagwiritsa ntchito feteleza: Malo olima osagwiritsa ntchito feteleza kapena malo olima ochepa, kudula kotsala ndi kumasula nthaka kuyenera kuchitika musanabzale.
2. Mukabweza udzu kumunda: Mukaphimba pamwamba ndi udzu, ndikofunikira kuudula pang'ono ndikusakaniza mu dothi losaya kwambiri.
3、Kukonza kukhuthala kwa nthaka: kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuswa gawo la pansi pa pulawo, kukonza madzi otuluka, komanso kukonza kukhuthala kwa nthaka.
4. Kusamalira minda ya zipatso ndi malo oberekera ana pakati pa mizere: Kulima minda pakati pa mizere, kupalira udzu, ndi kumasula nthaka.
5、Gwirizanani ndi chomera chopatsa mbewu chogwira ntchito bwino: Monga gawo lalikulu la chomera chopatsa mbewu, chimamaliza kusanja bwino bedi la mbewu pobzala.
